E-Waste Showdown: Global Electronics Giants Push Back Against India’s New Recycling Mandate

India’s bid to combat its growing e-waste problem has sparked resistance from major electronics companies, including Daikin, Hitachi, Samsung, and Voltas. New government rules now require manufacturers to pay higher rates—up to 22 rupees/kg for electronics and 34 rupees/kg for smartphones—to recycle devices like air conditioners, TVs, and refrigerators. The policy aims to formalize India’s largely informal recycling sector and encourage sustainable practices. However, global manufacturers argue that the tripled compliance costs are excessive and unconstitutional.

Four companies, including Johnson Controls-Hitachi and Tata’s Voltas, have taken legal action against Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s administration, claiming the regulations strain businesses and could drive up consumer prices. India’s environment ministry, however, maintains that the pricing is fair and essential to prevent cost-cutting at the expense of safe waste management.

India, the world’s third-largest e-waste generator, recycled only 43% of its waste last year. With 80% of the sector handled by informal workers, unsafe practices remain rampant. While companies argue the rules hurt profits, recyclers like Attero say the reforms are necessary to build responsible infrastructure.

The debate marks a broader struggle between environmental responsibility and industry costs in India’s $62 billion electronics market.